The emergence of new technologies in the modern world has revolutionized the life of everyone around the globe. The nanotechnology is also gaining much popularity due to the usage of applications of it in virtually all fields. This mainly depends upon the process of analyzing molecules and so used in all fields including medicine. This also acts as the main source for energy production using the different biomaterials. There are diversified field in nanotechnology which may include the nanoelectronics, nanomechanics and nanophotonics. These differ in the specializations by using the different fields using current and other electronic components. The nano electronics use the equipments like transistors to study about the different molecules. Four main approaches are being used in this technology which may include the top down, bottom up, functional and biomimetic approaches. The functionality of these approaches may vary upon the assembling of the different components. A wide variety of tools and techniques are used for the fabrication of molecules in the nano pattern. This may use the different microscopes like atomic microscope and scanning microscope. The nano materials could be easily synthesized using the tunneling microscopes which carves out the structures on different types of surfaces.